#Sepoy mutiny causes and effects pdf#

The rights of Indian rulers were recognized.

Administrative changes were introduced : the Governor General’s office was replaced by that of the Viceroy.

The Indian administration was taken over by Queen Victoria, which, in effect, meant the British Parliament. This was announced by Lord Canning at a Durbar in Allahabad in a proclamation issued on 1 November 1858 in the name of the Queen.

It resulted into direct rule of the British Crown.

#Sepoy mutiny causes and effects pdf#

This can be downloaded from the given link :Ĭlick here to download the Revolt of 1857 pdf Revolt of 1857 Effects Both Hindu and Muslim sepoys refused to use them.ĭifferent leaders led the revolt locally. Before loading these rifles the sepoys had to bite off the paper on the cartridges.A rumour spread that the cartridges of the new Enfield rifles were greased with the fat of cows and pigs.The Revolt of 1857 in India eventually broke out over the incident of greased cartridges.The abolition of practices like sati and female infanticide, and the legislation legalizing widow remarriage, were believed as threats to the established social structure.The people were convinced that the Government was planning to convert Indians to Christianity.An act in 1850 allowed a Hindu who had converted into Christianity to inherit his ancestral properties.

The rapidly spreading Western Civilization in India was alarming concerns all over the country.

In 1856 Lord Canning issued the General Services Enlistment Act which required that the sepoys must be ready to serve even in British land across the sea.

They were required to serve in areas far away from their homes. They were paid less than a European sepoy of the same rank.

Indian sepoys were considered inferior to British soldiers.

This measure converted Awadh, a loyal state, into a hotbed of discontent and intrigue.

The annexation of Awadh by Lord Dalhousie on the pretext of maladministration left thousands of nobles, officials, retainers and soldiers jobless.

Rani Lakshmi Bai’s adopted son was not permitted to sit on the throne of Jhansi.

British expansion through the Doctrine of Lapse and direct annexation caused resentment among large number of Indian rulers and chiefs.

British rule brought misery to the artisans and handicrafts people.

After the Industrial Revolution in England, there was an influx of British manufactured goods into India, which ruined industries, particularly the textile industry of India and thus resulting into mass unemployment.

Large numbers of sepoys belonged to the peasantry class and had family ties in villages, so the grievances of the peasants also affected them.

Many among these groups were unable to meet the heavy revenue demands and repay their loans to money lenders, eventually losing the lands that they had held for generations.

Peasants and zamindars were angered by the heavy taxes on land and the unpopular revenue settlement followed by the Company.

Some of the important causes are as follows: Economic Cause There were several factors of different dimensions responsible for the revolt of 1857. The revolt was so widespread that no single cause could justify it’s occurrence. Revolt of 1857 in Hindi Causes of Revolt of 1857 The Indian revolt of 1857 is known by several names, the Sepoy Mutiny (by the British Historians), the Indian Mutiny, the Great Rebellion (by the Indian Historians), the Revolt of 1857, the Indian Insurrection, and the First War of Independence (by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar). It began as a revolt of the sepoys of the British East India Company’s army but eventually turned into a popular revolt. It was the first expression of organised resistance against the British East India Company. The simmering discontent among the different classes burst in the form of a violent storm in 1857 which shook the British Empire in India to its very foundations.